一、典型缺陷
Q1
Damage control plan
缺陷主要表现为：破损控制图未永久张贴在驾驶台；破损控制手册未提供给船上高级船员等。
DAMAGE CONTROL PLAN NOT EXHIBITED PERMANENTLY ON BRIDGE.
DAMAGE CONTROL BOOKLET NOT DISTRIBUTED TO SENIOR OFFICER.
Q2
Public address system
缺陷主要表现为：有线广播系统扬声器不能正常工作等。
TWO SPEAKERS OF PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM OUT OF ORDER.
PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM SOUNDER AT MUSTER STATION FAILURE.
Q3
Water level indicator
缺陷主要表现为：货舱水位探测系统故障/传感器失效等。
CARGO HOLD WATER INGRESS PRE-ALARM ACTIVITY WHILE THE BILGE TANK FOR CARGO HOLD IS EMPTY.
NO ALARM IN BRIDGE FOR WATER LEVEL DETECTIVE SYSTEM DURING BOSUN STORE PORTSIDE TESTED.
Q4
Steering gear
缺陷主要表现为：操舵系统失电/过载/断相/油柜低液位报警故障；液压油漏液；舵机无法保持稳定等。
THE DUTY ENGINEER CAN NOT DEMONSTRATE THE OVERLOAD ALARM TEST OF STEERING GEAR DURING INSPECTION.
CYLINDER FOR STEERING GEAR HYDRAULIC OIL LEAKING.
PHASE FAILURE RELAY FOR STEERING GEAR MALFUCTION.
HIGH PRESSURE FILTER ALARM FOR S/G FAILED TO BE TESTED BY CREW IN CHARGE.
LOW LEVEL OF HYDRAULIC OIL TANK FOR STEERING GEAR TESTED NOT ALARM IN ENGINE CONTROL ROOM DURING INSPECTION.
STEERING GEAR UNABLE TO BE KEEP STEADY DURING EMERGENCY STEERING OPERATION.
Q5
Muster list
缺陷主要表现为：应变部署表未明确关键人员的替代；应变部署表未更新或与实际不符等。
MUSTER CARD NOT DISTRIBUTE TO EACH CREW MEMBER.
MUSTER LIST ON BRIDGE NOT SPECIFY SUBSTITUTES FOR KEY PERSONS.
MUSTER LIST NOT UPDATED FOR CURRENT CREW LIST.
MUSTER LIST ABOUT SUVIVAL CRAFT LAUNCHING NOT IN CONFORMITY WITH REALITY.
Q6
Emergency source of power
缺陷主要表现为：应急照明故障等。
THE EMERGNECY LIGHT ON B-DECK OF STARBOARD SIDE UNLIT.
EM"CY LIGHT FOR PORT SIDE MUSTER STATION UNLIT.
Q7
Emergency generator
缺陷主要表现为：应急发电机无法用电池启动；应急发电机油柜燃油不足；应急发电机应急停车故障；应急发电机无法向应急配电板供电；应急发电机启动应急空压机故障；船舶失电时应急发电机无法自动启动等。
ONE PIPE CONNECTION TO PRESSURE SWITCH FOR EMERGENCY G/E HYDRAULIC STARTING SYSTEM FOUND LEAKING LUBE OIL.
THE EMERGENCY GENERATOR CAN"T SUPPLY POWER TO EMERGENCY SWITCHBOARD.
THE FUNCTION OF TEST SWITCH FOR AUTOMATICALLY STARTING EMERGENCY GENERATOR AND SUPPLYING POWER TO EMERGENCY SWITCHBOARD DEFECTIVE.
THE EMERGENCY STOP OF EMERGENCY GENERATOR MALFUNCTION.
THE QUANTITY OF F.O IN E/G OIL TANK INSUFFICIENT.
QUICK-CLOSING V/V FOR E/G OUT OF WORK.
110V FEEDER PANEL DISPLAYED LOW INSULATION WHEN EM"CY GENERATOR IS RUNNING.
EMERGENCY COMPRESSOR FOR STARTING EMERGENCY GENERATOR OUT OF ORDER.
EMERGENCY GENERATOR FAIL TO STARTED AUTOMATICALLY WHEN SHIP BLACK OUT.
EMERGENCY GENERATOR FAIL TO BE STARTED BY BATTERY.
Q8
Emergency fire pump
缺陷主要表现为：应急消防泵工作压力低；应急消防泵无法启动；应急消防泵轴封处漏水等。
SOME WATER LEAKING FROM THE EM"CY FIRE PUMP SHAFT SEAL.
EMERGENCY FIRE PUMP WORKING PRESSURE LOW.
EM"CY FIRE PUMP CAN NOT BE STARTED DURING INSPECTION.
THE EMERGENCY FIRE PUMP CAN NOT ESTABLISH THE ENOUGH PRESSURE IN 2 MINS.
Q9
Drill
缺陷主要表现为：船上演习造假；实操演习发现混乱、规定动作不到位等。
THE CREW NOT FAMILIAR WITH ABANDAON SHIP DRILL, NOT CHECKING LIFEJACKETS WHETHER WERE CORRECTLY DONNED, ONLY ONE CREW CARRY THE IMMERSION SUIT, MOST OF TIME CAPT HIMSELF WAS IN HIS CABIN DURING THE DRILL, EM"CY LIGHTING FOR MUSTERING AND ABANDONMENT NOT TESTED DURING THE ABANDON SHIP DRILL.
ABNORMAL FIRE DRILL RECORDS WITH SAME PICTURES WERE FOUND.FIRE DRILL WAS CONDUCT DURING INSPECTION, THE CREWS WERE FOUND NOT FAMILIAR WITH FIRE DRILL: 1.CREWS DID NOT ASSEMBLE ON MUSTER STATION, 2. CREWS WERE NOT FAMILIAR WITH THE DONNING FIREMAN OUTFIT AND NO CREW TESTED THE BA BEFORE DONNING THE OUTFIT, 3.THE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN BRIDGE AND THE SCENE OF A FIRE WAS NOT SMOOTH, 4.ONLY ONE FIREMAN ENTERED INTO THE SCENE OF A FIRE WITH FIREMAN OUTFIT DURING DRILL.
FIRE DRILL WITNESSED DURING INSPECTION WAS NOT SATISFACTORY. ORDERS NOT GIVEN, BRIEFING, DEBRIEFING AND INSTRUCTION TO THE USE OF EQUIPMENT NOT CARRIED OUT, FIREMAN"S OUTFIT WAS NOT DONNED TILL OVER 10 MIN.
10
Crew familiarisation with Emergency Systems
缺陷主要表现为：船员不熟悉破损控制程序/进水报警系统测试/舵机警报测试/应急发电机测试等。
CREW NOT FAMILIAR WITH DAMAGE CONTROL PROCEDURE.
THE CREW NOT FAMILIAR WITH THE TESTING OF WATER INGRESS SYSTEM.
KEY PERSONNEL NOT FAMILIAR WITH STEERING GEAR PHASE FAILURE AND OVERLOAD FAILURE TEST.
KEY ENGINEER NOT FAMILIAR WITH TESTING OF EMERGENCY GENERATOR DUE TO THE AIRCURIT BREAKER FAILED TO CLOSE AUTOMATICALLY TWICE DURING EMERGENCY POWER BLACK OUT TESTING.
小结
通过对中国各主要港口2019年CIC检查情况的统计分析，本次CIC缺陷主要集中在破损控制图、操舵装置、应变部署表以及应急发电机等四个方面。
二、重点解读
（1）缺陷描述：02105 THE DUTY ENGINEER CAN NOT DEMONSTRATE THE OVERLOAD ALARM TEST OF STEERING GEAR DURING INSPECTION.
公约依据：关于舵机警报的公约要求，SOLAS公约1981年修正案第II-1章第29条和30条有相关的条款：
第29条：
5.2 主操舵装置和辅助操舵装置的动力设备应能从驾驶室某一位置投入工作。操舵装置的任何一台动力设备失电时，应在驾驶室里发出听觉和视觉报警。
8.4 能从驾驶室操作的任何主操舵装置和辅助操舵装置的控制系统，当控制系统的电源供应发生故障时，应在驾驶室发出听觉和视觉报警。
12.2 液压操纵的操舵装置，每个液体贮存器设低位警报器，以便确切和尽早地指示液体泄漏。应在驾驶室和机器处所内易于观察的地方发出听觉和视觉报警。
第30条：
3 电路和电动机应设有短路保护和过载报警装置。如果设有过载电流保护装置（包括起动电流），其允许使用的电流应不小于所保护电动机或电路满载电流的两倍，且其布置应能允许适当的起动电流通过。如采用三相供电，应设有能指示任何一相所发生故障的报警装置。所要求的报警应为听觉和视觉报警，并应设于正常控制主机的主机处所或控制室内的明显位置。
梳理相关条款，舵机警报主要有以下五种：
1.失电：操舵装置的任何一台动力设备失电时，应在驾驶室里发出听觉和视觉警报。
2.控制系统失电：当控制系统的电源供应发生故障时，应在驾驶室发出听觉和视觉警报。
3.液体贮存器低位：液压操纵的操舵装置应为每个液体贮存器设低位报警器，以便确切和尽早地指示液体泄漏。应在驾驶室和机器处所内易于观察的地方发出听觉和视觉警报。
4.过载：对于电动和电动液压操舵装置，电路和电动机应设有短路保护和过载报警装置，警报应为听觉和视觉。
5.缺相：如采用三相供电，应设有能指示任何一相发生故障的报警装置，警报应为听觉和视觉。
上述4和5要求的警报应设于正常控制主机的主机处所或控制室内的明显位置。
（2）缺陷描述：04114 EMERGENCY GENERATOR FAIL TO STARTED AUTOMATICALLY WHEN SHIP BLACK OUT.
公约依据：SOLAS第II-1章第43条
3.1 应急电源如为一台发电机，其应：
.1 由一台独立供给燃油的适当原动机驱动，燃油闪点（闭杯试验）不低于43℃；
.2 在主电源发生故障时自动起动，除非按本条3.1.3设有临时应急电源；应急发电机如系自动起动，则应自动与应急配电板接通；本条4所述各项设备应随后自动接通应急发电机；除设有应急发电机的第二套独立起动装置外，单一的储存能源加以保护，以防止其被自动起动系统全部耗尽；和
.3 按本条4的规定设有一个临时应急电源，除非设有应急发电机，能对本条4所述各项设备供电且能在安全和实际可行限度内尽快（但不超过45 s）自动起动并对规定的负载供电。
（3）缺陷描述：04109 FIRE DRILL WITNESSED DURING INSPECTION WAS NOT SATISFACTORY. ORDERS NOT GIVEN, BRIEFING, DEBRIEFING AND INSTRUCTION TO THE USE OF EQUIPMENT NOT CARRIED OUT, FIREMAN"S OUTFIT WAS NOT DONNED TILL OVER 10 MIN.
公约依据：SOLAS第III章第19条
3.4 消防演习
3.4.2 每次消防演习应包括：
.1 向集合站报到，并准备执行第8条要求的应变部署表所述的任务；
.2 起动一个消防泵，要求至少射出两股水柱，以表明该系统是处于正常的工作状态；
.3 检查消防员装备和其他个人救助设备；
.4 检查有关的通信设备；
.5 检查演习区域内的水密门、防火门和挡火闸以及通风系统主要进出口的工作情况；和
.6 检查供随后弃船用的必要装置。
三、相关建议
虽然为期3个月的2019年东京东京集中检查大会战（CIC）已经顺利落下帷幕，但涉及“应急系统和程序”的PSC检查还将继续。公司、船方和船员应高度重视操舵系统、应急发电机和应急消防泵等与船舶航行安全密切相关的应急设备，定期做好维护保养和测试，应加强船员培训，使船员熟悉这些设备的操作。消防、救生演习不能流于形式，船员应对消防救生演练足够重视，演习记录应真实合规。
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原标题：《2019年CIC检查典型缺陷分析》
